(updated on Jan 30, 2016)
ALLIED TRANSLATOR AND INTERPRETER
SECTION (ATIS) Research Report on this blog summarizes on amenities for the
Japanese armed forces during World War II, which was based on the interrogation
report from prisoners of war.
This blog contains the transcripts
from the cover page, contents and brothel section of the ATIS report. The copy
of the ATIS report is available from the National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA), but is easily downloaded at Asian Woman’sFund (AWF) that
was established by Japanese government.
The download file from AWF is large containing ~300 pages, but copies
corresponding to the ATIS report are available in a small file of 29 pages at
this link
SUMMARY of the report:
* Houses of relaxation on the report mean brothels that provided sexual services to only soldiers and army civilian employees of Japanese Imperial Military.
* Hostesses on the report mean Comfort Women
* Houses of relaxation on the report mean brothels that provided sexual services to only soldiers and army civilian employees of Japanese Imperial Military.
* Hostesses on the report mean Comfort Women
* Guests paid to receive the services by the Hostesses at the Houses of relaxation
* How expensive? The lowest ranked soldier paid 1.5 JPN yen per 40 min service, but the soldiers monthly compensation was 6 ~ 9 JPN Yen.
* Brothels were run by private parties under the control of Japanese armed forces.
* Japanese armed forces made strict control of brothels; price and commission rate to the Hostesses, business hours, to hygiene including health and disease control.
* Such strict regulations protected Comfort Women and their dignity from misconduct by guests and from taking disease.
* Brothel managers had high responsibility to maintain health of their Hostesses.
* Hostesses were subject to medical examination once a week for the health of Hostesses and for preventing venereal disease from spreading to soldiers.
* Hostesses were able to attend dinner parties for soldiers or army civilian employees under the permission.
* Hostesses were able to attend dinner parties for soldiers or army civilian employees under the permission.
Here are the transcripts.
ALLIED TRANSLATOR AND INTERPRETER SECTION
SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE ALLIED POWERS
RESEARCH REPORT
SUBJECT:AMENITIES IN THE JAPANESE－ARMED FORCES
I.G. No. 6310,
B.I.D No. 1228
SUBJECT:AMENITIES IN THE JAPANESE－ARMED FORCES
I.G. No. 6310,
B.I.D No. 1228
DATE OF ISSUE: November 15, 1945, No. 120
SUMMARY:
1. This report covers information available
at ATIS up to 31 March 1945 on amenities furnished by the Japanese to their
armed forces.
2. There has been no attempt to establish the
existence of rules regarding the availability for purchase or gratuitous issue
of canteen stores since there is a great variation, depending upon the type of
troops and the area, in the handling of amenities.
3. Information has also been given as to the
availability to the troops of such amusements as shows, movies, geisha
entertainment, and brothels.
4. References are quoted, regarding the
amount of war news passed on to troops by field newspapers, bulletins, and
radios.
HNB/SRE/CHR/?b
Distribution H
SIDNEY. F. MASHRIR
COLONEL.S.C.
CO ORDINATOR
SOURCES, Captured
Documents,
Statements of Prisoner of War
CONTENTS
Page
Section I. CANTEEN STORES…………………...1
1.
General………………………….........;…1
2.
Post Exchange and Ship Stores ….…..1
a. Army……………………………….......1
b. Navy ……………………………......…1
3.
Gratuitous Issue……………….…….…. 2
a. Officers………………………....……..2
b. Enlisted Men…………………....….…3
4.
Comfort Bags…………………….….…..3
a. Army…………………………...….…...3
b. Formosans and Civilians…...….….…4
II. AMUSEMENTS……………………….…....5
5.
General………………………….……......5
6. Athletics………………………….……..…5
7.
Movies…………………………….....…....8
8.
Geisha and Entertainment Troupes.…...8
a. Homeland ……………………….....….8
b. PALAU…………………………......…..8
c. South West PACIFIC Areas….....…...9
9. Brothels……………………………….…..9
a. Regulations……………………..…..... 9
b. BURMA…………………………...….17
c. SUMATRA ……………………......…19
d. South West PACIFIC Area…….…...19
10.
Leave………………………………......20
III. NEWS……………………..……………....22
11.
General………………………. …….…22
12.
Newspapers……………………….. …22
a. Field News Sheets…………...……. 22
b. Bulletins………………………......….22
c. Anounced News………………....…..23
d. No News………………………...…...23
13.
Radios……………………….…….......23
a. No Radios Issued……………….......23
b. Officers Only……………………....…23
c. Personnel Having Radios………......24
IV. MAIL……………………………...……......25
14. General………………………..…….....25
15.
Army…………………………..………..25
a. Sending of Mail………….....…….….25
b. Receiving of Mail………………..…..25
16.
Navy ………………………………..….25
a. Sending of Mail…………………...…25
b. Receipt of Mail………………….…..
25
17.
Civilians…………………………...…...26
V. CONCLUSIONS……………….……..…...27
Appendix A. Forms Required by MANILA Brothels...28
Appendix B. Police Report on MANILA Brothels.......33
Appendix A. Forms Required by MANILA Brothels...28
Appendix B. Police Report on MANILA Brothels.......33
9. Brothels
a. Regulations
1. MANILA
-a- Bound printed booklet
entitled “Rules for Authorized Restaurants and Houses of Prostitution in
MANILA”, issued February 1943 by Lieutenants Colonel ONISHI. MANILA District
Line of Communication Squad.
Part One--General Regulations
“1. In these regulations, authorized restaurants will be
taken to mean those places designated by the Officer in Charge of MANILA Sector
Lines of Communications Duties with the sanction of the army commanding
general, as eating places for soldiers and army civilian employees. Houses of
relaxation should be taken to mean those places designated by the Officer in
Charge of MANILA sector Lines of Communications Duties; with the sanction of
the army commanding general, which maintain hostess geisha or waitress for the
entertainment of soldiers and army civilian employees.
“2. Managers may close down or suspend the operation of
their establishments only with the permissions of the officer in charge of
MANILA Sector Line of Communications Duties.
“3. If and when the various managers meet with difficulties, the Officers
in Charge of MANILA Sector Line of Communications Duties may either close the
business or temporarily suspend it. In such cases, the manager will present a
statement for recompense for any losses or for any other inconvenience.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The translations of a police report listing
medical inspections of brothels consisting of a group of unreadable sheets which accompanied this document, although not
actually part of the original is relevant to the unreadable and has been reproduced as Appendix B.
“4. Authorized restaurants and houses of
relaxation will be used only by soldiers and army civilian employees.
Part Two—Business Operation
“5. Persons planning to operate authorized restaurants or houses of
relaxation must submit the following documents to the officers in charge of
MANILA Sector Line of Communications Duties. Managers
must be Japanese who have had some business experience.
“a. Application for permission to open
business: three copies [Appedix A, Form No. 1]
“b. Statement of business plans: three copies [Appendix A. Form No.2]
“c. Affidavit: three copies (Appendix A. Form No. 3)
“d. Personal history: three copies.
“6. Persons receiving permission to open business will thereupon
determine the number of personnel needed and will submit
three copies of their business personnel list (Appendix A. Form No. 4, one copy of the personal histories of employees and
three copies of requests for authorization of the hostesses (geisha and
waitresses. Appendix A. Form No.
5). When preparations are complete, the Officer in Charge of MANILA Sector Line
of Communications Duties will be informed, and business may commence after the
inspection of the establishment and the physical
examination of the employees.
“7. Managers intending to change the personnel of their establishments
must secure the permission of the Officer in Charge of MANILA Sector Line of
Communications Duties. Hostesses geisha and waitresses
wishing to leave the establishments must submit a request therefore
Appendix A, Form No. 6). When the hostesses (geisha and waitresses) and other
employees are to be replaced a request for permission to do so must be
submitted (Appendix A, Form No. 7).
“8. Managers intending to increase the number of hostesses (geisha and
waitresses), maids and others will so inform the Officer in Charge of MANILA
Sector Line of Communications Duties.
The date and time for the physical examinations by the medical unreadable athletics will be announced
for each occasion. On completion of the physical examinations, the examination
charts together with copies of personnel histories or identification papers
will be submitted to the Officer in Charge of MANILA Sector Line of
Communications Duties. Permission is necessary before anyone joins the
establishment.
“9. The location and the buildings used as authorized restaurants and
houses of relaxation must have the approval of the Officers in Charge of MANILA
Sector Line of Communications Duties. In the future,
managers who cannot maintain discipline may be removed. The Officer in
Charge of MANILA Sector Line of Communicatios Duties will be informed of any
repairs contemplated for army-controlled houses.
“10. Hostesses (geisha, waitresses, maids) may
as a general rule, be re-hired at the expiration of their term of contract. (This does not apply to persons who have not been overseas
at least a year). Those wishing to continue their employment will so notify the
Officer in Charge of MANILA Sectors Line of Communications Duties for his
approval. When the medical authorities consider it
suitable to discontinue the services
(end page 9)
of anyone for reasons of health,
they will so inform the Officer in Charge of MANILA Sector Line of
Communication Duties. The latter will
facilitate the return home of such persons.
“11. Managers of houses of relaxation will make arrangements for the
following:
“a. Bedding in all bedrooms.
“b. Cuspidors in all bedrooms and waiting rooms.
“c. Sterilizers and medicines in lavatories and other designated places.
“d. Regulations and price charts in the waiting
rooms.
“e. Hostesses (geisha and waitresses) name certificates in waiting rooms
and individual rooms. (Those of diseased hostesses will
be marked in red.) Apart from the above, the establishment of
entertainment and rest facilities for guests and the inauguration of other
means of relaxation will be encouraged.
Part Three--Management
“12. Managers will refuse admission to all persons who are not soldiers
or army civilian employees. Authorized restaurants and houses of relaxation
will have separate facilities for officers and high ranking officers, privates,
junior and other civilian officials and others. However, the facilities for non commissioned officers, privates,
junior and other civilian officials (except for special individuals) will be
taken over by officers and high ranking civilian officials after 2100 hours.
“13. Managers will present guests of the houses of relaxation with a
‘relaxation-ticket’ in exchange for an army ticket, and will record all
receipts of these ‘relaxation-ticket’ by the hostesses.
“14. Hours of operation for authorized restaurants and houses of
relaxation are as follows:
“a. Restaurants:
“Noncommissioned officers, privates, junior and other Civilian
officials--from 1000 hours to 2200 hours.
“Officers and high ranking civilian officials—from 1000 hours to (Not
clear: 2200 or 2400 hours).
“b. Houses of relaxation, up
to 2400 hours.
“15. Prices at authorized restaurants and houses
of relaxation will be determined by the Officer in Charge of MANILA Sector Line
of Communications Duties with the approval of the army. Prices are shown
on Appendix A. Form No.8. Managers and employees will demand no other prices
than these.
Appendix A.
Form No. 8 Price List
{16} Half of the income of the hostesses will be
allotted to the managers.
“17. Managers of houses of relaxation will be responsible for all income
in accordance with the daily total earning, chart (Appendix A. Form No. 9), and
will record the apportionment of all earning.
Managers of authorized restaurants and houses of relaxation will make
the following reports: authorized restaurants—daily report (Appendix A, Form
No. 10): houses of relaxation –daily report (Appendix A, Form No. 11).
“18. On the last day of each month, managers will submit a report on
business conditions to the Officer in charge of Manila Sector Line of
Communications Duties. The form of
this report is shown on on Appendix A. Forms No. 12 and 13.
“ 19. Expenses of food, light, firewood,
charcoal and bedding for the hostesses (geisha and waitresses) are the
responsibility of the managers.
The hostesses will take care of their own expenses for clothing,
hairdressing, cosmetics and like. However, medical
expenses for illnesses arising from overwork will be met seventy percent by the
managers and thirty percent by the hostesses. The
diagnosis of an army physician will be the basis for determining whether any
particular illness is due to overwork.
“20. The names and assigned units of revellers guilty of misconduct will
be reported by the managers to the MANILA Sector Line of Communications Office.
“21. As far as possible, managers will encourage
the hostesses (geisha and waitresses) to save money. The amount should be limited to 30 yen per month. This amount should not be increased
except for persons who can present special reason.
“a. The object of such special reasons must be
presented beforehand to the Officers in Charge of MANILA Sector Line of
Communications Duties for his approval.
“b. These reasons will be recorded under ‘Notes’ in the monthly report.
“c. A statement on income and other written evidence of the reasons for
any such increases will be prepared by the managers and submitted to the MANILA
Sector Line of Communications with the monthly report for safekeeping.
“d. The saving of those who do not draw their
pay in advance will be recorded on the monthly report.
“e. Persons contracting considerable medical
expense through hospitalization will report the type of their illness, the
number of days under treatment and the expenses incident thereto, together with
a statement of their income.
“f. The diagnosis of an army physician will be the basis for determining
whether any particular illness is due to overwork.
“22. One holiday a month may be given to
employees. This will be reported in all cases to the Officer in Charge
of MANILA Sector Line of Communications Duties.
Part Four—Hygiene
“23. Hostesses will ordinarily be examined by an
army physician once a week at a designated place. Hostesses who are not
geisha will be examined twice a month. Other employees will be given a physical
examination once a month. Expenses incident to these examinations will be taken care of
by the managers. It may
also be necessary at times to examine such other employees as maids.
“24. The army physicians will make the necessary reports on health after
each examination (Appendix A. Form No. 14), and affix their seals thereto.
“25. Persons failing the physician examinations
or receiving unfavorable diagnoses will be forbidden to entertain guests while
under treatment.
“26. Apart from the usual examinations and diagnoses for venereal
disease (syphilis, gonorrhea, soft chancre, quartan syphilis), bacteria
examinations may also be carried out. Simultaneously, a complete physical
examination, especially for tuberculosis, contagious diseases (trachoma),
contagious skin diseases and the like, may be given.
“27. Managers of houses of relaxation will provide
preventatives for venereal disease and have hostesses (geisha and waitresses)
and the guests make use of them.
“28 Managers of houses of
relaxation will be responsible for providing the following measures of venereal
disease prevention:
“a. Disinfectant (2000 strength potassium permanganate solution or 0.500
cresol soap solution) will be put in containers and left in the lavatories and
other specified places.
“b. The houses will be kept particularly clean within and without, and
commodities will be provided.
“c. The hostesses will wash and disinfect the necessary portions of the
houses weekly.
“d. Association with the hostesses will be
forbidden to those who refuse to use condoms.
“e. Hostesses are forbidden to have intercourse
during menstrual periods.
“f. Baths will be taken daily.
“g. Vaseline will be provided in the hostesses’ rooms.
“h. Only clean bedding will be used, and it will be aired frequently. Extra
bedding will be provided, White spreads and pillow covers will be used, and
will be kept clean. Any other hygienic measure is also recommended.
“ i. Particular attention will be paid to light and fresh air in the
room.
Part Five—Discipline
“29. For the purpose of maintaining good order, the Officer
in Charge of MANILA Sector Line of Communications Duties will have officers
(army physicians) carry our inspections of the establishments from time to
time. When necessary, the assistance of the military police will be enlisted.
“ 30. Hostesses
(prostitutes and waitresses) may not leave the designated areas without
permission from the line of communications officer. They are also forbidden to have intercourse beyond
the pr mise of the houses of relaxation. They must have the permission of the Officer in Charge
of MANILA Sector Line of Communications Duties to attend dinner parties for
soldiers or army civilian employees.
“31. Managers of houses of relaxation will not supply food or liquor to
guess except for specially designated individuals.
“32. Persons about to use the facilities of the houses of relaxation
will not be allowed to bring in any liquor.
“33. No selling of food or drink will be permitted within the house of
relaxation except in specially designated cases.
“34. Entrance to or permission to use the facilities of the houses of
relaxation may be refused the following persons:
“a. Intoxicated persons.
“b. Persons carrying liquor.
“c. Other persons who may exert bad influence.
“35. Persons frequenting the restaurants must observe the following
regulations:
“a. Only two beers four glasses per person will be allowed.
“b. Effective measures will be used to preserve the peace and no actions
unbecoming a soldier will be countenanced.
“c. All furnishings will be handled with care.
“d. There will be no discussion of military matters.
“e. Bills will be paid with army tickets.
“36. Persons frequenting the houses of
relaxation must observe the following regulations:
“a. Payment will be made in advance with army
tickets.
“ b. Boisterous or loud singing or any such other action unbecoming a
soldier or an army civilian employees is forbidden.
“c. Condoms or other preventives must be used
for intercourse. To prevent disease, further care must be taken to
insure proper laundering.
“d. The hostesses will not be kissed.
“e. Military security measures must be observed.
“37. Infraction of these rules will entail withdrawal of permission to
continue business.
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